/**
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    * distributed with this work for additional information
    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.compactions;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
  import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Collection;
  import java.util.Collections;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Map;
  
  import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
  import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
  import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
  import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValueUtil;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.classification.InterfaceAudience;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.compress.Compression;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.hfile.HFile.FileInfo;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.hfile.HFileWriterV2;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HStore;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.InternalScanner;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.ScanType;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.ScannerContext;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.Store;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.StoreFile;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.StoreFile.Writer;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.StoreFileScanner;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.StoreScanner;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.compactions.Compactor.CellSink;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.throttle.ThroughputControlUtil;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.throttle.ThroughputController;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.security.User;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.EnvironmentEdgeManager;
  import org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.TraditionalBinaryPrefix;
  
  import com.google.common.io.Closeables;
  
  /**
   * A compactor is a compaction algorithm associated a given policy. Base class also contains
   * reusable parts for implementing compactors (what is common and what isn't is evolving).
   */
  @InterfaceAudience.Private
  public abstract class Compactor<T extends CellSink> {
    private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(Compactor.class);
  
    protected volatile CompactionProgress progress;
  
    protected final Configuration conf;
    protected final Store store;
  
    protected final int compactionKVMax;
    protected final Compression.Algorithm compactionCompression;
  
    /** specify how many days to keep MVCC values during major compaction **/ 
    protected int keepSeqIdPeriod;
  
    // Configs that drive whether we drop page cache behind compactions
    protected static final String  MAJOR_COMPACTION_DROP_CACHE =
        "hbase.regionserver.majorcompaction.pagecache.drop";
    protected static final String MINOR_COMPACTION_DROP_CACHE =
        "hbase.regionserver.minorcompaction.pagecache.drop";
  
    private boolean dropCacheMajor;
    private boolean dropCacheMinor;
  
    //TODO: depending on Store is not good but, realistically, all compactors currently do.
    Compactor(final Configuration conf, final Store store) {
      this.conf = conf;
      this.store = store;
      this.compactionKVMax =
        this.conf.getInt(HConstants.COMPACTION_KV_MAX, HConstants.COMPACTION_KV_MAX_DEFAULT);
      this.compactionCompression = (this.store.getFamily() == null) ?
          Compression.Algorithm.NONE : this.store.getFamily().getCompactionCompression();
      this.keepSeqIdPeriod = Math.max(this.conf.getInt(HConstants.KEEP_SEQID_PERIOD, 
        HConstants.MIN_KEEP_SEQID_PERIOD), HConstants.MIN_KEEP_SEQID_PERIOD);
      this.dropCacheMajor = conf.getBoolean(MAJOR_COMPACTION_DROP_CACHE, true);
     this.dropCacheMinor = conf.getBoolean(MINOR_COMPACTION_DROP_CACHE, true);
   }
 
   public interface CellSink {
     void append(Cell cell) throws IOException;
   }
 
   protected interface CellSinkFactory<S> {
     S createWriter(InternalScanner scanner, FileDetails fd, boolean shouldDropBehind)
         throws IOException;
   }
 
   public CompactionProgress getProgress() {
     return this.progress;
   }
 
   /** The sole reason this class exists is that java has no ref/out/pointer parameters. */
   protected static class FileDetails {
     /** Maximum key count after compaction (for blooms) */
     public long maxKeyCount = 0;
     /** Earliest put timestamp if major compaction */
     public long earliestPutTs = HConstants.LATEST_TIMESTAMP;
     /** The last key in the files we're compacting. */
     public long maxSeqId = 0;
     /** Latest memstore read point found in any of the involved files */
     public long maxMVCCReadpoint = 0;
     /** Max tags length**/
     public int maxTagsLength = 0;
     /** Min SeqId to keep during a major compaction **/
     public long minSeqIdToKeep = 0;
   }
 
   /**
    * Extracts some details about the files to compact that are commonly needed by compactors.
    * @param filesToCompact Files.
    * @param allFiles Whether all files are included for compaction
    * @return The result.
    */
   protected FileDetails getFileDetails(
       Collection<StoreFile> filesToCompact, boolean allFiles) throws IOException {
     FileDetails fd = new FileDetails();
     long oldestHFileTimeStampToKeepMVCC = System.currentTimeMillis() - 
       (1000L * 60 * 60 * 24 * this.keepSeqIdPeriod);  
 
     for (StoreFile file : filesToCompact) {
       if(allFiles && (file.getModificationTimeStamp() < oldestHFileTimeStampToKeepMVCC)) {
         // when isAllFiles is true, all files are compacted so we can calculate the smallest 
         // MVCC value to keep
         if(fd.minSeqIdToKeep < file.getMaxMemstoreTS()) {
           fd.minSeqIdToKeep = file.getMaxMemstoreTS();
         }
       }
       long seqNum = file.getMaxSequenceId();
       fd.maxSeqId = Math.max(fd.maxSeqId, seqNum);
       StoreFile.Reader r = file.getReader();
       if (r == null) {
         LOG.warn("Null reader for " + file.getPath());
         continue;
       }
       // NOTE: use getEntries when compacting instead of getFilterEntries, otherwise under-sized
       // blooms can cause progress to be miscalculated or if the user switches bloom
       // type (e.g. from ROW to ROWCOL)
       long keyCount = r.getEntries();
       fd.maxKeyCount += keyCount;
       // calculate the latest MVCC readpoint in any of the involved store files
       Map<byte[], byte[]> fileInfo = r.loadFileInfo();
       byte[] tmp = null;
       // Get and set the real MVCCReadpoint for bulk loaded files, which is the
       // SeqId number.
       if (r.isBulkLoaded()) {
         fd.maxMVCCReadpoint = Math.max(fd.maxMVCCReadpoint, r.getSequenceID());
       }
       else {
         tmp = fileInfo.get(HFileWriterV2.MAX_MEMSTORE_TS_KEY);
         if (tmp != null) {
           fd.maxMVCCReadpoint = Math.max(fd.maxMVCCReadpoint, Bytes.toLong(tmp));
         }
       }
       tmp = fileInfo.get(FileInfo.MAX_TAGS_LEN);
       if (tmp != null) {
         fd.maxTagsLength = Math.max(fd.maxTagsLength, Bytes.toInt(tmp));
       }
       // If required, calculate the earliest put timestamp of all involved storefiles.
       // This is used to remove family delete marker during compaction.
       long earliestPutTs = 0;
       if (allFiles) {
         tmp = fileInfo.get(StoreFile.EARLIEST_PUT_TS);
         if (tmp == null) {
           // There's a file with no information, must be an old one
           // assume we have very old puts
           fd.earliestPutTs = earliestPutTs = HConstants.OLDEST_TIMESTAMP;
         } else {
           earliestPutTs = Bytes.toLong(tmp);
           fd.earliestPutTs = Math.min(fd.earliestPutTs, earliestPutTs);
         }
       }
       if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
         LOG.debug("Compacting " + file +
           ", keycount=" + keyCount +
           ", bloomtype=" + r.getBloomFilterType().toString() +
           ", size=" + TraditionalBinaryPrefix.long2String(r.length(), "", 1) +
           ", encoding=" + r.getHFileReader().getDataBlockEncoding() +
           ", compression=" + compactionCompression +
           ", seqNum=" + seqNum +
           (allFiles ? ", earliestPutTs=" + earliestPutTs: ""));
       }
     }
     return fd;
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates file scanners for compaction.
    * @param filesToCompact Files.
    * @return Scanners.
    */
   protected List<StoreFileScanner> createFileScanners(
       final Collection<StoreFile> filesToCompact,
       long smallestReadPoint,
       boolean useDropBehind) throws IOException {
     return StoreFileScanner.getScannersForStoreFiles(filesToCompact,
         /* cache blocks = */ false,
         /* use pread = */ false,
         /* is compaction */ true,
         /* use Drop Behind */ useDropBehind,
       smallestReadPoint);
   }
 
   protected long getSmallestReadPoint() {
     return store.getSmallestReadPoint();
   }
 
   protected interface InternalScannerFactory {
 
     ScanType getScanType(CompactionRequest request);
 
     InternalScanner createScanner(List<StoreFileScanner> scanners, ScanType scanType,
         FileDetails fd, long smallestReadPoint) throws IOException;
   }
 
   protected final InternalScannerFactory defaultScannerFactory = new InternalScannerFactory() {
 
     @Override
     public ScanType getScanType(CompactionRequest request) {
       return request.isAllFiles() ? ScanType.COMPACT_DROP_DELETES
           : ScanType.COMPACT_RETAIN_DELETES;
     }
 
     @Override
     public InternalScanner createScanner(List<StoreFileScanner> scanners, ScanType scanType,
         FileDetails fd, long smallestReadPoint) throws IOException {
       return Compactor.this.createScanner(store, scanners, scanType, smallestReadPoint,
         fd.earliestPutTs);
     }
   };
 
   /**
    * Creates a writer for a new file in a temporary directory.
    * @param fd The file details.
    * @return Writer for a new StoreFile in the tmp dir.
    * @throws IOException if creation failed
    */
   protected Writer createTmpWriter(FileDetails fd, boolean shouldDropBehind) throws IOException {
     // When all MVCC readpoints are 0, don't write them.
     // See HBASE-8166, HBASE-12600, and HBASE-13389.
     return store.createWriterInTmp(fd.maxKeyCount, this.compactionCompression,
     /* isCompaction = */true,
     /* includeMVCCReadpoint = */fd.maxMVCCReadpoint > 0,
     /* includesTags = */fd.maxTagsLength > 0, shouldDropBehind);
   }
 
   protected List<Path> compact(final CompactionRequest request,
       InternalScannerFactory scannerFactory, CellSinkFactory<T> sinkFactory,
       ThroughputController throughputController, User user) throws IOException {
     FileDetails fd = getFileDetails(request.getFiles(), request.isAllFiles());
     this.progress = new CompactionProgress(fd.maxKeyCount);
 
     // Find the smallest read point across all the Scanners.
     long smallestReadPoint = getSmallestReadPoint();
 
     List<StoreFileScanner> scanners;
     Collection<StoreFile> readersToClose;
     T writer = null;
     boolean dropCache;
     if (request.isMajor() || request.isAllFiles()) {
       dropCache = this.dropCacheMajor;
     } else {
       dropCache = this.dropCacheMinor;
     }
 
     if (this.conf.getBoolean("hbase.regionserver.compaction.private.readers", true)) {
       // clone all StoreFiles, so we'll do the compaction on a independent copy of StoreFiles,
       // HFiles, and their readers
       readersToClose = new ArrayList<StoreFile>(request.getFiles().size());
       for (StoreFile f : request.getFiles()) {
         readersToClose.add(f.cloneForReader());
       }
       scanners = createFileScanners(readersToClose, smallestReadPoint, dropCache);
     } else {
       readersToClose = Collections.emptyList();
       scanners = createFileScanners(request.getFiles(), smallestReadPoint, dropCache);
     }
     InternalScanner scanner = null;
     boolean finished = false;
     try {
       /* Include deletes, unless we are doing a major compaction */
       ScanType scanType = scannerFactory.getScanType(request);
       scanner = preCreateCoprocScanner(request, scanType, fd.earliestPutTs, scanners);
       if (scanner == null) {
         scanner = scannerFactory.createScanner(scanners, scanType, fd, smallestReadPoint);
       }
       scanner = postCreateCoprocScanner(request, scanType, scanner, user);
       if (scanner == null) {
         // NULL scanner returned from coprocessor hooks means skip normal processing.
         return new ArrayList<Path>();
       }
       boolean cleanSeqId = false;
       if (fd.minSeqIdToKeep > 0) {
         smallestReadPoint = Math.min(fd.minSeqIdToKeep, smallestReadPoint);
         cleanSeqId = true;
       }
       writer = sinkFactory.createWriter(scanner, fd, dropCache);
       finished =
           performCompaction(scanner, writer, smallestReadPoint, cleanSeqId, throughputController);
       if (!finished) {
         throw new InterruptedIOException("Aborting compaction of store " + store + " in region "
             + store.getRegionInfo().getRegionNameAsString() + " because it was interrupted.");
       }
     } finally {
       Closeables.close(scanner, true);
       for (StoreFile f : readersToClose) {
         try {
           f.closeReader(true);
         } catch (IOException e) {
           LOG.warn("Exception closing " + f, e);
         }
       }
       if (!finished && writer != null) {
         abortWriter(writer);
       }
     }
     assert finished : "We should have exited the method on all error paths";
     assert writer != null : "Writer should be non-null if no error";
     return commitWriter(writer, fd, request);
   }
 
   protected abstract List<Path> commitWriter(T writer, FileDetails fd, CompactionRequest request)
       throws IOException;
 
   protected abstract void abortWriter(T writer) throws IOException;
 
   /**
    * Calls coprocessor, if any, to create compaction scanner - before normal scanner creation.
    * @param request Compaction request.
    * @param scanType Scan type.
    * @param earliestPutTs Earliest put ts.
    * @param scanners File scanners for compaction files.
    * @return Scanner override by coprocessor; null if not overriding.
    */
   protected InternalScanner preCreateCoprocScanner(final CompactionRequest request,
       ScanType scanType, long earliestPutTs,  List<StoreFileScanner> scanners) throws IOException {
     return preCreateCoprocScanner(request, scanType, earliestPutTs, scanners, null);
   }
 
   protected InternalScanner preCreateCoprocScanner(final CompactionRequest request,
       final ScanType scanType, final long earliestPutTs, final List<StoreFileScanner> scanners,
       User user) throws IOException {
     if (store.getCoprocessorHost() == null) {
       return null;
     }
     if (user == null) {
       return store.getCoprocessorHost().preCompactScannerOpen(store, scanners, scanType,
         earliestPutTs, request);
     } else {
       try {
         return user.getUGI().doAs(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<InternalScanner>() {
           @Override
           public InternalScanner run() throws Exception {
             return store.getCoprocessorHost().preCompactScannerOpen(store, scanners,
               scanType, earliestPutTs, request);
           }
         });
       } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
         InterruptedIOException iioe = new InterruptedIOException();
         iioe.initCause(ie);
         throw iioe;
       }
     }
   }
 
   /**
    * Calls coprocessor, if any, to create scanners - after normal scanner creation.
    * @param request Compaction request.
    * @param scanType Scan type.
    * @param scanner The default scanner created for compaction.
    * @return Scanner scanner to use (usually the default); null if compaction should not proceed.
    */
   protected InternalScanner postCreateCoprocScanner(final CompactionRequest request,
       final ScanType scanType, final InternalScanner scanner, User user) throws IOException {
     if (store.getCoprocessorHost() == null) {
       return scanner;
     }
     if (user == null) {
       return store.getCoprocessorHost().preCompact(store, scanner, scanType, request);
     } else {
       try {
         return user.getUGI().doAs(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<InternalScanner>() {
           @Override
           public InternalScanner run() throws Exception {
             return store.getCoprocessorHost().preCompact(store, scanner, scanType, request);
           }
         });
       } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
         InterruptedIOException iioe = new InterruptedIOException();
         iioe.initCause(ie);
         throw iioe;
       }
     }
   }
 
   /**
    * Performs the compaction.
    * @param scanner Where to read from.
    * @param writer Where to write to.
    * @param smallestReadPoint Smallest read point.
    * @param cleanSeqId When true, remove seqId(used to be mvcc) value which is &lt;=
    *          smallestReadPoint
    * @return Whether compaction ended; false if it was interrupted for some reason.
    */
   protected boolean performCompaction(InternalScanner scanner, CellSink writer,
       long smallestReadPoint, boolean cleanSeqId,
       ThroughputController throughputController) throws IOException {
     long bytesWritten = 0;
     long bytesWrittenProgress = 0;
     // Since scanner.next() can return 'false' but still be delivering data,
     // we have to use a do/while loop.
     List<Cell> cells = new ArrayList<Cell>();
     long closeCheckInterval = HStore.getCloseCheckInterval();
     long lastMillis = 0;
     if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
       lastMillis = EnvironmentEdgeManager.currentTime();
     }
     String compactionName = ThroughputControlUtil.getNameForThrottling(store, "compaction");
     long now = 0;
     boolean hasMore;
     ScannerContext scannerContext =
         ScannerContext.newBuilder().setBatchLimit(compactionKVMax).build();
 
     throughputController.start(compactionName);
     try {
       do {
         hasMore = scanner.next(cells, scannerContext);
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
           now = EnvironmentEdgeManager.currentTime();
         }
         // output to writer:
         Cell lastCleanCell = null;
         long lastCleanCellSeqId = 0;
         for (Cell c : cells) {
           if (cleanSeqId && c.getSequenceId() <= smallestReadPoint) {
             lastCleanCell = c;
             lastCleanCellSeqId = c.getSequenceId();
             CellUtil.setSequenceId(c, 0);
           } else {
             lastCleanCell = null;
             lastCleanCellSeqId = 0;
           }
           writer.append(c);
           int len = KeyValueUtil.length(c);
           ++progress.currentCompactedKVs;
           progress.totalCompactedSize += len;
           if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
             bytesWrittenProgress += len;
           }
           throughputController.control(compactionName, len);
           // check periodically to see if a system stop is requested
           if (closeCheckInterval > 0) {
             bytesWritten += len;
             if (bytesWritten > closeCheckInterval) {
               bytesWritten = 0;
               if (!store.areWritesEnabled()) {
                 progress.cancel();
                 return false;
               }
             }
           }
         }
         if (lastCleanCell != null) {
           // HBASE-16931, set back sequence id to avoid affecting scan order unexpectedly
           CellUtil.setSequenceId(lastCleanCell, lastCleanCellSeqId);
         }
         // Log the progress of long running compactions every minute if
         // logging at DEBUG level
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
           if ((now - lastMillis) >= 60 * 1000) {
             LOG.debug("Compaction progress: "
                 + compactionName
                 + " "
                 + progress
                 + String.format(", rate=%.2f kB/sec", (bytesWrittenProgress / 1024.0)
                     / ((now - lastMillis) / 1000.0)) + ", throughputController is "
                 + throughputController);
             lastMillis = now;
             bytesWrittenProgress = 0;
           }
         }
         cells.clear();
       } while (hasMore);
     } catch (InterruptedException e) {
       progress.cancel();
       throw new InterruptedIOException("Interrupted while control throughput of compacting "
           + compactionName);
     } finally {
       throughputController.finish(compactionName);
     }
     progress.complete();
     return true;
   }
 
   /**
    * @param store store
    * @param scanners Store file scanners.
    * @param scanType Scan type.
    * @param smallestReadPoint Smallest MVCC read point.
    * @param earliestPutTs Earliest put across all files.
    * @return A compaction scanner.
    */
   protected InternalScanner createScanner(Store store, List<StoreFileScanner> scanners,
       ScanType scanType, long smallestReadPoint, long earliestPutTs) throws IOException {
     Scan scan = new Scan();
     scan.setMaxVersions(store.getFamily().getMaxVersions());
     return new StoreScanner(store, store.getScanInfo(), scan, scanners,
         scanType, smallestReadPoint, earliestPutTs);
   }
 
   /**
    * @param store The store.
    * @param scanners Store file scanners.
    * @param smallestReadPoint Smallest MVCC read point.
    * @param earliestPutTs Earliest put across all files.
    * @param dropDeletesFromRow Drop deletes starting with this row, inclusive. Can be null.
    * @param dropDeletesToRow Drop deletes ending with this row, exclusive. Can be null.
    * @return A compaction scanner.
    */
   protected InternalScanner createScanner(Store store, List<StoreFileScanner> scanners,
      long smallestReadPoint, long earliestPutTs, byte[] dropDeletesFromRow,
      byte[] dropDeletesToRow) throws IOException {
     Scan scan = new Scan();
     scan.setMaxVersions(store.getFamily().getMaxVersions());
     return new StoreScanner(store, store.getScanInfo(), scan, scanners, smallestReadPoint,
         earliestPutTs, dropDeletesFromRow, dropDeletesToRow);
   }
 }